Juris Warrior

Anchoring Peace: The Significance of a Code of Conduct in the South China Sea

The South China Sea remains one of the world’s most contested maritime regions, rich in resources and vital for global trade. This article explains why a binding Code of Conduct is essential to uphold UNCLOS, integrate arbitral rulings, and transform ASEAN commitments into enforceable rules that safeguard peace, stability, and cooperation.

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Military Exercises in Another State’s EEZ: A Restrictive Interpretation

This article examines whether foreign military exercises are permitted inside another state’s EEZ under UNCLOS. It argues for a restrictive interpretation grounded in sovereign rights, the due regard obligation, and the peaceful purposes principle—offering a path to protect coastal state security and uphold a rules‑based maritime order.

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Sovereign Immunity at Sea Under UNCLOS: Meaning, Boundaries, and Operational Use

Sovereign immunity at sea shields warships and qualifying government vessels from foreign enforcement measures, ensuring disputes are resolved through government to government channels. UNCLOS provisions and ITLOS rulings confirm that coercive actions—such as detention or seizure—are unlawful, while lawful remedies include departure orders and consent-based port controls.

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The 2016 South China Sea Arbitral Award: Clarifying the Legal Limits of Maritime Claims

The 2016 South China Sea Arbitral Tribunal Award remains a landmark in international maritime law. It rejected sweeping historic claims, clarified the legal status of maritime features, affirmed sovereign rights within EEZs, and underscored States’ binding obligations to protect the marine environment under UNCLOS.

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Rescue Is Not Optional: The Duty to Render Assistance Under UNCLOS

Rescue at sea is not optional—it is a legal duty under UNCLOS Article 98. Masters must render assistance when persons are in distress, subject to safety and reasonable expectations, while States must ensure effective SAR services and coordination. Real world cases like MV Tampa and Maersk Etienne show why timely State action is critical to completing rescues lawfully and safely.

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